3) performing various kinds of special transportation and tasks.
There are obvious direct relationships in the work of various dispatchers when implementing these types of tasks. Close relationships also occur when solving tasks of various types, so delays in the passage of trains (task type 2) may entail non-fulfillment of tasks for tasks of types 1 and 3. Untimely completion of a special task (task type 3, for example, the promotion of a train with oversized cargo) may cause disruption of the transfer of trains and wagons at the joints (task type 3) and loading plan (task type 1), etc.
Therefore, synchronous integrated intellectualization of the AWSs of the entire control unit of the RTCC is advisable.
The main provisions are defined, the implementation of which is a necessary condition for the intellectualization of management processes in regional dispatch centers. These include:
■ the use of principles for the development of automated process control systems (TP ACS);
■ ensuring efficiency in solving various types of tasks and resolving emerging conflict situations;
taking into account market conditions in the work of control centers;
■ saving all kinds of resources.
When building management processes, it is necessary that the developed algorithms for solving specific tasks (for RTCC dispatchers these are operational tasks) make it possible to obtain rational, and if possible, optimal solutions. For this condition, it is necessary to have a sufficient amount of information about the processes, take into account the influence of various factors, including disturbing influences, as well as constantly monitor the situation on the basis of special feedback subsystems.
It is these requirements that are taken into account when building TP ACS as closed control systems with feedback.
Each dispatcher constantly accumulates experience, which is used when making decisions. Therefore, when developing intelligent systems, it is important to use the principle of their self-learning.
At the present stage of development of intelligent RTCC systems, the control solutions developed should be used in the «adviser» mode. With the accumulation of experience in the operation of such systems, the refinement of the complex of factors and algorithms taken into account, the transition to the automatic mode of their operation will be carried out.
The dispatcher’s work proceeds in the constant adoption of operational decisions. The degree of efficiency depends on the needs and capabilities of forecasting specific situations.
The need for an operational forecast can extend over a very long period. Let’s imagine the situation in a RTCC, the scope of which includes a large seaport, and the cargo comes from loading stations located at distances of several thousand kilometers. Linking the approach of wagons with the approach of ships, especially taking into account weather conditions, requires a forecast of the operational situation for 10—15 days ahead.
A multi-day forecast is also required to solve the problem of organizing the turnover of locomotives and locomotive crews. At the same time, a forecast for 20—30 minutes may be sufficient for the train dispatcher to solve a specific conflict situation of train traffic on the section.
Therefore, for each task performed in the RTCC, the developer of an intelligent management system determines the required forecast period and the real possibilities of obtaining it based on relevant information, including those available in existing databases (APOMS-2, etc.).
