Изобретения и изобретатели. Учебно-справочное пособие для изучающих английский язык - страница 10

All microphones capture sound waves with a thin, flexible diaphragm (or ribbon in the case of ribbon microphones). The vibrations of this element are then converted by various methods into an electrical signal that is an analog of the original sound. Most microphones in use today use electromagnetic generation (dynamic microphones), capacitance change (condenser microphones) or piezoelectric generation to produce the signal from mechanical vibration.

A laser microphone is an exotic application of laser technology. It consists of a laser beam that must be reflected off a glass window or another rigid surface that vibrates in sympathy with nearby sounds.

This device essentially turns any vibrating surface near the source of sound into a microphone. It does this by measuring the distance between itself and the surface extremely accurately; the tiny fluctuations in this distance become the electrical signal of the sounds picked up. Laser microphones are new, very rare and expensive, and are most commonly portrayed in the movies as spying devices.

capacitance (эл.) емкость

electromagnetic generation электромагнитное генерирование

flexible diaphragm гибкая диафрагма

gramophone граммофон

original sound первоначальный звук

phonogragh фонограф

piezoelectric generation пьезоэлектрическая генерация

ribbon ленточка

sound wave звуковая волна

vibration вибрация

convert превращать

transmitter передатчик

Complete the table using information from the text.

a. Write a summary of the text, using the table above as a support.

Which devices could not operate without a microphone? Why?

Wire recording is a type of analogue audio storage in which the recording is made onto thin steel or stainless steel wire. The first wire recorder was the Valdemar Poulsen Telegraphone of the late 1890s, and wire recorders for dictation and telephone recording were made almost continuously by various companies through the 1920s and 1930s. They were most famously introduced as consumer technologies after World War II.

Конец ознакомительного фрагмента.