Unified theory of human and animals aging. Bioenergy concept aging as a disease - страница 13

The mechanism of an increase in oxygen deficiency when switching metabolic regulation systems is due to the differences in the regulatory systems of metabolism – the autonomic nervous system (No. 1) and the endocrine system (No. 2). The autonomic nervous system activates metabolism quickly (promptly) and targeted, in those local volumes of organs and tissues, in which there is a need for additional amounts of oxygen and nutrients. Signals about this enter the central control structures of the ANS, located in the brain stem along the afferent nerve connections.

As soon as there is a saturation with oxygen and nutrients of the considered local volume of an organ or tissue, negative feedback turns off the intensive supply of resources. Thus, targeted activation of metabolism for a short period of time means economical consumption of both oxygen and nutrients. A completely different situation with the consumption of oxygen and nutrients is realized in the case of the control of these processes by the endocrine system. At the request from the periphery (through the bloodstream, with a long delay) for an additional supply of oxygen and nutrients, there is a slow increase in the level of hormones in the blood.