Task 6. Translate the following mini-texts into Russian, using the words and expressions from the above text and Tasks 2–5 or a dictionary if necessary.
1. The Trans-Siberian railway remains the most important transportation link within Russia; around 30% of Russian exports travel on the line. While it attracts many foreign tourists, it gets most of its use from domestic passengers.
2. The increasing intensity of competition in global markets is a challenge facing companies at all stages of involvement in international markets.
3. Standard of living refers to the level of wealth, comfort, material goods and necessities available to a certain socioeconomic class in a certain geographic area.
4. The evaluation of the Investment Attractiveness Index of Ukraine is conducted by the European Business. The index is based on regular monitoring of the investment climate of Ukraine by the first persons of the EBA member-companies.
5. Competitive advantage occurs when an organization acquires or develops an attribute or combination of attributes that allows it to outperform its competitors. These attributes can include access to natural resources, such as high grade ores or inexpensive power, or access to highly trained and skilled personnel human resources.
6. Despite today's high unemployment rate, skilled workers are in high demand in the construction staffing market.
Task 7. Make an English annotation of the text “The Krasnoyarsk Krai: Economy” (100–120 words), using the keywords and expressions using the results of the previous tasks 3–6.
Task 8. Translate your English annotation into Russian.
Task 9. Compare your Russian annotation with the sample one, which will be given to you by your teacher. Revise your translation, saying which translation variant is better and why.
Task 10. Give a written summary of the text “The Krasnoyarsk Krai: Economy” (300–350 words).
Text 2. Tax Climate in the Region
Task 1. Read and study the following text; refer to the vocabulary list given below.
The tax climate in the region is determined by the set of the acts regulating tax system elements of the Russian Federation:
• kinds of taxes;
• distribution of taxes depending on the budget levels;
• taxation.
According to the Tax Code of the Russian Federation there are federal, regional and local taxes. Federal taxes – the sizes of rates, objects of taxation, tax payers, order of their transfer into the budget and commercial funds are established by the legislative acts of the Russian Federation and are raised in its entire territory. Regional taxes and their rates are established by the acts of the Russian Federation and regional authorities and are raised in the whole territory of the region.
The rates under the local taxes (land tax, property tax) are established by the representative bodies of local self-governing authorities of urban districts, municipal areas and rural settlements. The tax on profit of organizations is established by chapter 25 of the Tax code, and is obligatory to payment in the territory of the Russian Federation. The tax rate under the tax on profit is established at the rate of 24 percent, thus: the sum of the tax estimated at a rate of 6.5 percent is accounted into the federal budget; the sum of the tax estimated at a rate of 17.5 percent is accounted into the budgets of the subjects of the Russian Federation. The tax rate of the tax is the subject to be transferred into the budgets of the subjects of the Russian Federation and can be reduced for the separate categories of tax bearers according to the laws of the Russian Federation subjects. However, the specified tax rate cannot be lower than 13.5 percent.
